Abstract: This paper investigates the fault-tolerant observer design problem for a class of re-entrant manufacturing systems (RMSs) in the presence of workstation faults during the production process.

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Simultaneously, broader structural pressures have accelerated. In many parts of the world, shrinking public aid and volatile donor funding—often shaped by donor priorities, not local need—have ...

Shauna Bell knew the proposed maps showing how Charlotte and the state planned to widen Interstate 77 were coming. North Carolina Department of Transportation officials had already been to her ...

A comprehensive collection of Gang of Four (GoF) design patterns implemented in Java, featuring practical, well-documented examples covering creational, structural, and behavioral patterns. Ideal for ...

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Learn how to build an easy iron farm in Minecraft 1.21+ (Java Edition). This design is compact, survival-friendly, and produces a constant flow of iron using the latest villager & golem mechanics. In ...

Looking for a steady supply of iron in your survival world? This guide shows you how to build an easy and efficient iron farm in Minecraft 1.20+ for both Java and Bedrock Edition — no mods, no command ...

As organizations navigate the post-pandemic workplace, many leaders face a familiar challenge: Despite clear policies and mandates, employees remain hesitant about consistently returning to the office ...

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